Basics of Java Part 2
11. Exception Handling :
Exception handling in Java allows you to handle runtime errors gracefully. It involves try, catch, finally, and throw keywords.
12. Packages :
Packages are namespaces that organize classes and interfaces into a hierarchical structure. They help in organizing and managing large-scale Java applications.
13. Modifiers :
Modifiers are keywords that define the access levels, scope, and behavior of classes, methods, and variables. Examples include public, private, protected, static, etc.
14. Constructors :
Constructors are special methods used for initializing objects. They have the same name as the class and are called when an object is created.
15. Methods Overloading and Overriding :
Overloading is the ability to define multiple methods with the same name but different parameters in the same class. Overriding involves redefining a method in a subclass with the same signature as in the superclass.
16. Interfaces :
Interfaces in Java define a contract for classes to implement. They contain method signatures without any implementation and support multiple inheritance.
17. Abstract Classes :
Abstract classes are classes that cannot be instantiated on their own and may contain abstract methods (methods without a body). They are meant to be extended by subclasses.
18. Java Virtual Machine (JVM) :
JVM is the runtime environment in which Java bytecode is executed. It provides a platform-independent execution environment.
19. Garbage Collection :
Java's automatic memory management system that automatically deallocates memory when objects are no longer in use. Developers don't have to explicitly free memory as in languages like C++.
20. Java Development Kit (JDK) :
JDK is a software development kit used for developing Java applications. It includes the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), compiler, debugger, and other tools necessary for Java development.
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